Trayectoria de producción a 10 años: Estrellas emergentes y productores en declive
Across the EU-27, total broad and field beans production rose from 1,265.5 thousand tonnes in 2016 to 1,481.3 thousand tonnes in 2025 — a net gain of 215.8 thousand tonnes (+17.1%), equivalent to a 1.77% CAGR.
Germany ranked as the largest producer by total volume over the decade and showed a clear ascending trajectory (a 4.45% CAGR, +73.7 thousand tonnes), rising from 153.7 thousand tonnes in 2016 to 227.4 thousand tonnes in 2025. Lithuania and France completed the top three: Lithuania grew at a more moderate 2.25% CAGR (+46.3 thousand tonnes), while France posted a 4.06% CAGR (+85.3 thousand tonnes), though its 2020 value carries a break-in-series flag reflecting a methodological change.
The decade's rising stars were Denmark, Germany, and France. Denmark recorded the fastest relative growth (a 9.30% CAGR, +45.9 thousand tonnes, +122.6%), nearly doubling its output from 37.5 thousand tonnes to 83.4 thousand tonnes. Poland also moved decisively higher (a 2.40% CAGR, +20.7 thousand tonnes), with its 2025 value flagged as estimated. Latvia grew modestly (a 1.27% CAGR, +12.1 thousand tonnes). Italy was essentially flat (-0.14% CAGR, -1.5 thousand tonnes, classified as Stable). The only clear loser was Sweden (-6.53% CAGR, -46.8 thousand tonnes, -45.5%), which saw output fall from 102.7 thousand tonnes to just 55.9 thousand tonnes. EU-27 production was notably volatile — after a trough of 995.4 thousand tonnes in 2018, output recovered to 1,248.3 thousand tonnes in 2020 before oscillating between 1,121.8 and 1,481.3 thousand tonnes through 2025.
All values in 1 000 t. b = break in series, e = estimated, p = provisional.
| Country | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | CAGR | Net Change (1 000 t) | Trajectory |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 153.7 | 188.8 | 160.8 | 159.5 | 235.8 | 235.9 | 249.5 | 175.3 | 244.1 | 227.4 | +4.45% | +73.7 | Ascending |
| Lithuania | 209.3 | 229.8 | 149.7 | 127.4 | 218.8 | 136.4 | 210.7 | 190.6 | 234.1 | 255.6 | +2.25% | +46.3 | Ascending |
| France | 197.8 | 199.1 | 142.5 | 177.4 | 147.6b | 184.2 | 157.8 | 216.3 | 216.3 | 283.1 | +4.06% | +85.3 | Ascending |
| Italy | 113.3 | 105.4 | 115.2 | 132.3 | 134.9 | 118.6 | 98.3 | 99.8 | 114.4 | 111.9 | -0.14% | -1.5 | Stable |
| Latvia | 100.3 | 140.7 | 81.2 | 73.5 | 106.5 | 60.6 | 93.4 | 73.9 | 92.6 | 112.4 | +1.27% | +12.1 | Ascending |
| Poland | 86.8 | 82.2 | 81.8 | 63.0 | 78.3 | 97.4 | 102.4 | 94.5 | 115.3 | 107.5e | +2.40% | +20.7 | Ascending |
| Denmark | 37.5 | 64.2 | 69.7 | 63.5 | 78.4 | 81.0 | 103.0 | 74.2 | 73.3 | 83.4 | +9.30% | +45.9 | Ascending |
| Sweden | 102.7 | 108.1 | 34.4 | 59.5 | 57.7 | 48.2 | 77.7 | 47.7 | 51.1 | 55.9 | -6.53% | -46.8 | Declining |
| EU-27 | 1265.5 | 1374.2 | 995.4 | 1029.9 | 1248.3 | 1121.8 | 1285.9 | 1155.8 | 1390.8 | 1481.3 | +1.77% | +215.8 | Ascending |
Tabla de estabilidad de suministro: Clasificación de fiabilidad
Volume leadership and supply reliability are rarely held by the same producer. Ranking the top eight broad and field beans producers by coefficient of variation (CV) — where a lower CV means steadier year-to-year output — reveals a clear hierarchy.
Italy is the most stable supplier by a wide margin (CV 10.04%, max drawdown -17.05%), placing it in the "very stable" threshold (CV < 10%). Poland ranks second (CV 16.2%, max drawdown -23.03%), and Germany third (CV 18.21%, max drawdown -29.74%) — both in the moderately stable range (CV 10–20%). France (CV 20.43%) sits just above the volatility threshold.
At the volatile end, Sweden (CV 35.83%, max drawdown -68.19%) is the least reliable — a buyer sourcing exclusively from Sweden would have endured supply swings from a 108.1 thousand tonne peak in 2017 to a 34.4 thousand tonne trough in 2018. Latvia (CV 23.48%, max drawdown -43.1%), Denmark (CV 21.89%, max drawdown -27.93%), and Lithuania (CV 21.31%, max drawdown -37.66%) also fall in the volatile zone. Among the top eight producers, only Italy achieved the "very stable" threshold, while three others — Poland, Germany, and France — stayed within the moderately stable range. The remaining four producers all exceeded 20% CV, underscoring the inherent variability in broad and field beans production across much of the EU.
CV < 10% = Very stable; CV 10–20% = Moderately stable; CV > 20% = Volatile.
| Country | Mean (1 000 t) | CV% | Max Drawdown% | Years Below Mean | Stability Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italy | 114.4 | 10.04% | -17.05% | 6 | 1 |
| Poland | 90.9 | 16.20% | -23.03% | 5 | 2 |
| Germany | 203.1 | 18.21% | -29.74% | 5 | 3 |
| France | 192.2 | 20.43% | -28.39% | 5 | 4 |
| Lithuania | 196.2 | 21.31% | -37.66% | 4 | 5 |
| Denmark | 72.8 | 21.89% | -27.93% | 4 | 6 |
| Latvia | 93.5 | 23.48% | -43.10% | 6 | 7 |
| Sweden | 64.3 | 35.83% | -68.19% | 7 | 8 |
Cambio en la asignación de tierras: Transformación de tierras de cultivo en 10 años
Broad and field beans acreage expanded across the EU-27 over the decade. Total harvested area rose from 477.9 thousand hectares in 2016 to 528.8 thousand hectares in 2025 — a net gain of 50.9 thousand hectares (+10.6%, a 1.13% annualized growth rate).
Six of the eight top producers expanded their area. Denmark posted the most dramatic increase (+72.8%, a 6.26% annualized rate), followed by Germany (+71.4%, +6.17%/yr), France (+44.3%, +4.16%/yr), Lithuania (+26.0%, +2.60%/yr), Poland (+21.8%, +2.21%/yr), and Latvia (+18.9%, +1.94%/yr). Italy (-7.3%, -0.84%/yr) and Sweden (-49.4%, -7.29%/yr) reduced their acreage.
Comparing production CAGR against area growth rates reveals distinct patterns. Denmark's production growth (9.30% CAGR) outpaced its area expansion (6.26%/yr), suggesting yield improvements on existing acreage. Germany's production growth (4.45%) was slightly below its area growth (6.17%), indicating some yield dilution. France's production (4.06%) roughly tracked its area growth (4.16%), implying stable per-hectare productivity. Lithuania and Poland also showed balanced dynamics, with their production growth rates (2.25% and 2.40%) aligning closely with their area expansion (2.60% and 2.21%), reinforcing that the overall output gains across the EU were driven primarily by land allocation rather than step-change yield improvements.
All values in 1 000 ha. b = break in series, e = estimated.
| Country | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Net Change (1 000 ha) | Growth Rate | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 38.8 | 46.4 | 55.3 | 49.2 | 58.7 | 57.6 | 71.1 | 60.9 | 61.7 | 66.5 | +27.7 | +6.17% | Expanding |
| Lithuania | 67.5 | 67.1 | 69.9 | 55.1 | 58.4 | 76.2 | 55.3 | 80.3 | 90.3 | 85.0 | +17.5 | +2.60% | Expanding |
| France | 77.8 | 77.4 | 57.2 | 63.1 | 76.3b | 78.0 | 68.1 | 80.2 | 80.4 | 112.2 | +34.4 | +4.16% | Expanding |
| Italy | 56.1 | 57.1 | 56.8 | 65.6 | 67.5 | 62.5 | 53.5 | 49.8 | 53.4 | 52.0 | -4.1 | -0.84% | Contracting |
| Latvia | 30.7 | 38.2 | 40.1 | 24.9 | 28.5 | 33.4 | 25.5 | 32.1 | 31.2 | 36.5 | +5.8 | +1.94% | Expanding |
| Poland | 32.9 | 31.2 | 36.0 | 27.2 | 28.4 | 35.9 | 33.2 | 37.0 | 46.3 | 40.1e | +7.2 | +2.21% | Expanding |
| Denmark | 10.9 | 15.2 | 25.4 | 17.0 | 19.2 | 22.1 | 24.5 | 23.0 | 18.4 | 18.8 | +7.9 | +6.26% | Expanding |
| Sweden | 29.5 | 30.5 | 26.3 | 18.2 | 19.6 | 20.2 | 22.2 | 20.0 | 16.2 | 14.9 | -14.6 | -7.29% | Contracting |
| EU-27 | 477.9 | 495.8 | 469.4 | 408.9 | 447.2 | 473.6 | 435.5 | 477.6 | 499.3 | 528.8 | +50.9 | +1.13% | Expanding |
Frequently Asked Questions
¿Qué país de la UE aumentó más su producción de habas y habas forrajeras entre 2016 y 2025?
Dinamarca registró el crecimiento relativo más rápido, casi duplicando su producción (+122,6%, una CAGR del 9,30% de 37,5 a 83,4 miles de toneladas). Alemania obtuvo la mayor ganancia absoluta (+73,7 miles de toneladas, una CAGR del 4,45%). Suecia registró el descenso más pronunciado (-45,5%, una CAGR del -6,53%).
¿Cuál es el proveedor de habas y habas forrajeras más estable de la UE?
Italia fue el proveedor más fiable, con el coeficiente de variación más bajo (10,04%) y una caída máxima de solo -17,05%. Polonia ocupó el segundo lugar (CV 16,2%), seguida de Alemania (CV 18,21%).
¿La superficie de habas y habas forrajeras de la UE se está expandiendo o contrayendo?
La superficie cosechada de la UE-27 aumentó en 50.900 hectáreas (+10,6%) entre 2016 y 2025. Dinamarca (+72,8%) y Alemania (+71,4%) lideraron la expansión, mientras que Suecia (-49,4%) e Italia (-7,3%) redujeron sus superficies.
Source data extracted from Eurostat dataset apro_cpsh1.
This article was generated using AI. The content is based on Eurostat data and is provided as a starting point — please verify all data with the original source.
