433 000 Tonnes of EU Fig Production (2021–2025): A Complete Data Breakdown
According to EU fig production statistics, Spain dominates European fig production with 61.5% of the EU total, producing 266 130 tonnes of figs over the 2021–2025 period — equivalent to 53 226 tonnes per year. The EU fig sector shows a strong recovery trajectory, rebounding from a low of 73 690 tonnes in 2022 to a five-year peak of 101 340 tonnes in 2025, driven almost entirely by Spanish output.
EU Market Share: Who Dominates Fig Production?
Over the 2021–2025 period, the European Union produced a total of 432 980 tonnes of figs (86 596 t/yr). The crop is heavily concentrated in Mediterranean member states, with the top five producers accounting for 97.7% of total EU output.
Spain is by far the largest fig producer, contributing 266 130 tonnes over five years (53 226 t/yr) — a 61.5% share. Italy ranks second with 61 460 tonnes (12 292 t/yr, 14.2%), followed by Greece with 40 130 tonnes (8 026 t/yr, 9.3%), France with 35 770 tonnes (7 154 t/yr, 8.3%), and Portugal with 19 700 tonnes (3 940 t/yr, 4.5%).
| Member State | Total (1 000 t) | Annual Avg (1 000 t/yr) | % of EU Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spain | 266.13 | 53.23 | 61.5% |
| Italy | 61.46 | 12.29 | 14.2% |
| Greece | 40.13 | 8.03 | 9.3% |
| France | 35.77 | 7.15 | 8.3% |
| Portugal | 19.70 | 3.94 | 4.5% |
| Other EU | 9.79 | 1.96 | 2.3% |
| EU Total | 432.98 | 86.60 | 100% |
Agricultural Efficiency: Yield per Hectare
Although no direct yield indicator is reported for figs in the Eurostat dataset, calculated yield (total production divided by total harvested area) reveals significant differences in space efficiency among the top producers. The five-year average yield across the EU stands at 4.06 tonnes per hectare.
France achieves the highest calculated yield at 8.58 t/ha, more than double the EU average, despite cultivating only 4.17 thousand hectares. Greece follows with 6.43 t/ha, while Italy records 6.29 t/ha. Spain, despite dominating total output, yields a more moderate 4.15 t/ha across its 64.17 thousand hectares. Portugal shows the lowest efficiency at 1.06 t/ha, reflecting its more extensive cultivation patterns.
| Member State | Total Production (1 000 t) | Total Area (1 000 ha) | Calculated Yield (t/ha) |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | 35.77 | 4.17 | 8.58 |
| Greece | 40.13 | 6.24 | 6.43 |
| Italy | 61.46 | 9.77 | 6.29 |
| Spain | 266.13 | 64.17 | 4.15 |
| Portugal | 19.70 | 18.65 | 1.06 |
| EU Total | 432.98 | 106.64 | 4.06 |
Regional and Climatic Divides Across Europe
Fig production in the EU is overwhelmingly concentrated in the Mediterranean and Southern Europe, accounting for 91.7% of total output. Western Europe — represented almost entirely by France — contributes the remaining 8.3%.
The Mediterranean bloc (Spain, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Croatia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Malta) produced 397 200 tonnes over the five-year window (79 440 t/yr). Within this region, the Iberian Peninsula alone (Spain + Portugal) accounts for 285 830 tonnes, or 66.0% of the EU total.
| Region | Member States | Total (1 000 t) | Annual Avg (1 000 t/yr) | Share of EU |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediterranean / South | ES, IT, EL, PT, CY, HR, SI, BG, MT | 397.20 | 79.44 | 91.7% |
| Western Europe | FR | 35.77 | 7.15 | 8.3% |
Temporal Trends: Market Stability vs. Volatility
The EU fig market experienced notable volatility over the 2021–2025 period. Total EU production dropped sharply from 94 000 tonnes in 2021 to 73 690 tonnes in 2022 — a 21.6% decline — before staging a steady recovery to 101 340 tonnes in 2025.
Spain was the primary driver of this volatility, with output swinging from 60 190 tonnes (2021) down to 39 650 tonnes (2023), then surging to 67 370 tonnes in 2025 — a 70% increase over two years. By contrast, France demonstrated the steadiest growth trajectory, rising consistently from 6 440 tonnes to 7 770 tonnes over the five years. Greece showed moderate stability with output averaging 8 030 tonnes annually, though all Greek data is flagged as estimated (e). Portugal's production dropped sharply from 5 000 tonnes in 2021 to 3 140 tonnes in 2022 and has since stabilised around 3 900 tonnes; its 2025 data is flagged as provisional (p).
| Year | EU Total (1 000 t) | ES (1 000 t) | IT (1 000 t) | EL (1 000 t) | FR (1 000 t) | PT (1 000 t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 94.00 | 60.19 | 12.76 | 7.48e | 6.44 | 5.00 |
| 2022 | 73.69 | 43.50 | 9.48 | 8.36e | 6.92 | 3.14 |
| 2023 | 73.98 | 39.65 | 13.03 | 8.44e | 7.19 | 3.72 |
| 2024 | 89.97 | 55.42 | 12.87 | 8.50e | 7.45 | 3.92 |
| 2025 | 101.34 | 67.37 | 13.32 | 7.35e | 7.77 | 3.92p |
Land Allocation: How Countries Prioritize Farmland
The EU dedicated a total of 106 640 hectares to fig cultivation over the 2021–2025 period (21 328 ha/yr). Spain accounts for the majority — 64 170 hectares over five years (12 834 ha/yr) — representing 60.2% of the EU fig footprint.
Despite being the smallest fig producer among the top five by volume, Portugal allocates the second-largest area at 18 650 hectares (3 730 ha/yr, 17.5%), reflecting its lower-yielding production model. Italy uses 9 770 hectares (1 954 ha/yr, 9.2%), Greece 6 240 hectares (1 248 ha/yr, 5.9%), and France just 4 170 hectares (834 ha/yr, 3.9%).
| Member State | Area (1 000 ha) | Annual Avg (1 000 ha/yr) | % of EU Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spain | 64.17 | 12.83 | 60.2% |
| Portugal | 18.65 | 3.73 | 17.5% |
| Italy | 9.77 | 1.95 | 9.2% |
| Greece | 6.24 | 1.25 | 5.9% |
| France | 4.17 | 0.83 | 3.9% |
| Other EU | 3.64 | 0.73 | 3.4% |
| EU Total | 106.64 | 21.33 | 100% |
Frequently Asked Questions
Which EU country produces the most figs?
Spain is the dominant fig producer in the European Union, accounting for 61.5% of total EU fig output with 266 130 tonnes produced between 2021 and 2025.
How much land is used for fig cultivation in the EU?
The EU dedicates approximately 21 330 hectares annually to fig cultivation, with Spain alone accounting for 12 830 hectares per year — 60.2% of the total fig farmland.
Has EU fig production been growing or declining?
EU fig production has shown a strong recovery trend, rebounding from a low of 73 690 tonnes in 2022 to 101 340 tonnes in 2025 — a 37.5% increase driven primarily by Spanish output.
Source data extracted from Eurostat dataset apro_cpsh1.
This article was generated using AI. The content is based on Eurostat data and is provided as a starting point — please verify all data with the original source.