10-Jahres-Produktionstrajektorie: Aufsteiger & absteigende Produzenten
Across the EU-27, total fibre flax production rose from 705.0 thousand tonnes in 2016 to 1,034.9 thousand tonnes in 2025 — a net gain of about 329.9 thousand tonnes (+46.8%), equivalent to a CAGR of roughly 4.36%. The decade low was 590.1 thousand tonnes in 2023, while the decade high was 1,174.8 thousand tonnes in 2024.
France is by far the dominant producer, accounting for nearly nine-tenths of EU fibre flax output. Its production grew from 602.5 thousand tonnes in 2016 to 912.8 thousand tonnes in 2025 (a 4.72% CAGR, +310.3 thousand tonnes net), and its trajectory is classified as Ascending. The 2020 French value carries a break-in-series flag (b), reflecting a methodological change. Belgium, the second-largest producer, also followed an Ascending trajectory (a 1.17% CAGR, +9.6 thousand tonnes net), finishing the decade at 96.8 thousand tonnes.
The Netherlands posted a strong 3.88% CAGR (Ascending), lifting output from 13.8 thousand tonnes in 2016 to 19.4 thousand tonnes in 2025. Italy recorded the highest CAGR among medium-volume producers at 6.87%, though from a small base (0.7 to 1.2 thousand tonnes). Poland grew dramatically in percentage terms (17.82% CAGR, +337.5%) but from a negligible starting point of just 0.4 thousand tonnes; its 2016, 2017, and 2025 values are estimated (e). Romania nearly vanished at the start of the decade but emerged with a 35.76% CAGR, reaching 0.7 thousand tonnes by 2025 — a 750% increase on a tiny base. Bulgaria was the only Declining producer (-12.68% CAGR), while Slovakia had insufficient data for a trajectory classification.
All values in 1 000 t. b = break in series, e = estimated, n = not significant.
| Country | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | CAGR | Net Change (1 000 t) | Trajectory |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| France | 602.5 | 596.8 | 688.6 | 850.4 | 744.3b | 678.4 | 652.7 | 515.3 | 1059.1 | 912.8 | +4.72% | +310.3 | Ascending |
| Belgium | 87.2 | 69.3 | 75.9 | 94.0 | 81.7 | 87.0 | 77.9 | 60.6 | 92.0 | 96.8 | +1.17% | +9.6 | Ascending |
| Netherlands | 13.8 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 13.4 | 7.3 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 19.5 | 19.4 | +3.88% | +5.6 | Ascending |
| Poland | 0.4e | 0.2e | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 5.4 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.8e | +17.82% | +1.4 | Ascending |
| Italy | 0.7 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.2 | +6.87% | +0.5 | Ascending |
| Romania | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | +35.76% | +0.6 | Ascending |
| Bulgaria | 0.0 | 0.0n | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.6 | -12.68% | +0.6 | Declining |
| Slovakia | 0.0n | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.0n | 1.2 | N/A | +1.2 | N/A |
| EU-27 | 705.0 | 679.4 | 775.3 | 961.4 | 835.8 | 779.7 | 747.1 | 590.1 | 1174.8 | 1034.9 | +4.36% | +329.9 | Ascending |
Versorgungsstabilitäts-Ranking: Zuverlässigkeitsbewertung
Volume leadership and supply reliability often diverge, and fibre flax is no exception. Ranking producers by coefficient of variation (CV) — where a lower CV means steadier year-to-year output — reveals that the most dependable supplier is not the largest.
Belgium is the most stable fibre flax producer among the top countries (CV 13.2%, max drawdown -22.2%), classified as Moderately stable. France, despite dominating production volumes, ranks second (CV 21.5%, max drawdown -21.0%) — a Volatile rating. The Netherlands follows (CV 31.9%, max drawdown -45.0%), also in the Volatile tier.
Smaller producers exhibit even greater variability. Poland (CV 94.0%, max drawdown -58.6%), Italy (CV 42.3%, max drawdown -37.8%), Romania (CV 106.8%, max drawdown -100.0%), Bulgaria (CV 200.6%), and Slovakia (CV 300.0%) all carry Volatile ratings. The pattern is clear: while France provides the lion's share of volume, its year-to-year swings are non-trivial, and only Belgium offers a combination of meaningful scale with moderate stability.
CV < 10% = Very stable; CV 10–20% = Moderately stable; CV > 20% = Volatile.
| Country | Mean (1 000 t) | CV% | Max Drawdown% | Years Below Mean | Stability Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 82.2 | 13.2% | -22.2% | 5 | 1 |
| France | 730.1 | 21.5% | -21.0% | 6 | 2 |
| Netherlands | 12.4 | 31.9% | -45.0% | 6 | 3 |
| Italy | 1.3 | 42.3% | -37.8% | 6 | 4 |
| Poland | 1.5 | 94.0% | -58.6% | 5 | 5 |
| Romania | 0.3 | 106.8% | -100.0% | 7 | 6 |
| Bulgaria | 0.1 | 200.6% | -100.0% | 8 | 7 |
| Slovakia | 0.1 | 300.0% | N/A | 9 | 8 |
Flächennutzungsverschiebung: 10 Jahre Ackerlandtransformation
The land dedicated to fibre flax tells a story of strong and universal expansion. EU-27 harvested area rose from 106.5 thousand hectares in 2016 to 201.2 thousand hectares in 2025 — a net addition of 94.7 thousand hectares (+88.9%, a 7.30% annualised growth rate). This is an unusually widespread expansion: every single major producer increased its fibre flax acreage.
France added the most area in absolute terms, expanding from 88.5 thousand hectares to 174.7 thousand hectares (+86.3 thousand ha, +97.5%, a 7.85% annualised rate — Expanding). Its 2020 value carries a break-in-series flag. Belgium's acreage grew from 15.1 to 19.3 thousand hectares (+27.5%, 2.74%/yr — Expanding). The Netherlands (+54.1%, 4.92%/yr — Expanding) also showed strong percentage growth.
Comparing production CAGR against area CAGR reveals that in most countries, area expanded faster than output. France's production grew at 4.72% CAGR versus area at 7.85% CAGR — implying a degree of yield dilution as less productive land came into cultivation. Belgium (prod 1.17% vs area 2.74%) and the Netherlands (prod 3.88% vs area 4.92%) show similar patterns of area-led expansion. Poland, Romania, and Bulgaria posted the steepest acreage growth rates in percentage terms, though from very small bases that amplify the percentages.
All values in 1 000 ha. b = break in series, e = estimated, n = not significant.
| Country | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Net Change (1 000 ha) | Growth Rate | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| France | 88.5 | 98.2 | 105.9 | 121.7 | 142.2b | 112.6 | 127.8 | 131.2 | 158.3 | 174.7 | +86.3 | +7.85% | Expanding |
| Belgium | 15.1 | 16.0 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 18.4 | 15.4 | 15.2 | 14.8 | 18.7 | 19.3 | +4.2 | +2.74% | Expanding |
| Netherlands | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 | +1.3 | +4.92% | Expanding |
| Poland | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8e | +0.6 | +15.99% | Expanding |
| Italy | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | +0.3 | +10.47% | Expanding |
| Romania | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | +0.2 | +31.36% | Expanding |
| Bulgaria | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.5 | +0.5 | +33.33% | Expanding |
| Slovakia | 0.0n | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.0n | 0.1 | 0.0n | 0.8 | +0.8 | N/A | Expanding |
| EU-27 | 106.5 | 117.7 | 123.6 | 140.0 | 163.5 | 131.0 | 147.6 | 150.3 | 182.2 | 201.2 | +94.7 | +7.30% | Expanding |
Frequently Asked Questions
Welches EU-Land steigerte die Faserflachsproduktion von 2016 bis 2025 am stärksten?
Frankreich wuchs absolut am stärksten mit einer CAGR von 4,72% und einem Nettozuwachs von 310,3 Tsd. Tonnen (+51,5%). Rumänien verzeichnete das höchste prozentuale Wachstum (+750%) von einer minimalen Basis.
Welches Land ist der stabilste Faserflachs-Lieferant in der EU?
Belgien war der zuverlässigste Produzent mit dem niedrigsten Variationskoeffizienten (13,2%) und einem maximalen Rückgang von -22,2%. Frankreich belegte Platz zwei (CV 21,5%).
Expandiert oder schrumpft die EU-Faserflachs-Anbaufläche?
Die EU-27-Erntefläche für Faserflachs wuchs zwischen 2016 und 2025 um 94,7 Tsd. Hektar (+88,9%). Alle großen Produzenten dehnten ihre Flächen aus, wobei Frankreich den größten absoluten Zuwachs beisteuerte (+86,3 Tsd. ha).
Source data extracted from Eurostat dataset apro_cpsh1.
This article was generated using AI. The content is based on Eurostat data and is provided as a starting point — please verify all data with the original source.